October 19, 2026 - 09:02

Databases

Databases Reading a Slow MySQL Query Plan with EXPLAIN ANALYZE

A query can be slow because it reads too many rows, repeats an operation many times or waits on work outside the part you measured. EXPLAIN ANALYZE he...

Databases How to Verify a MySQL Backup After Restoring It

A successful import message does not establish that the backup contains everything the application needs. The wrong database may have been selected, s...

Databases MySQL Duplicate Entry 1062: Conflicts During SQL Import

During an SQL import, ERROR 1062: Duplicate entry means a PRIMARY or UNIQUE key would be violated. It does not necessarily mean the same row appears t...

Databases PHP and MySQL Character Encoding Problems: Diagnosing utf8mb4

If a name such as “Çağrı” appears as garbled symbols, do not immediately run ALTER TABLE across the database. The value may have been stored incorrect...

Databases Fixing Unknown Collation utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci During Import

An SQL dump that stops with Unknown collation: 'utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci' is not necessarily damaged. The destination may not recognize the comparison rule ...

Databases Importing Large SQL Files with phpMyAdmin: Limits and Timeouts

You select an SQL backup, start the import, and receive a blank page or timeout several minutes later. Retrying immediately is tempting. However, the ...

Databases Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) and Core Concepts

A relational database management system (RDBMS) is the most commonly used database model for managing and querying structured data. RDBMS stores data ...

Databases SQL Basics and Data Types

SQL (Structured Query Language) is the standard language used to manage and query relational databases. SQL provides various commands to add, update, ...

Databases Data Querying Techniques with SQL

SQL (Structured Query Language) is the standard language used to manage and query relational databases. It provides commands to insert, update, delete...

Databases Subqueries and Complex Queries

SQL (Structured Query Language) is the standard language used for managing and querying relational databases. One of the most powerful features of SQL...