Application Deployment with Docker and Kubernetes

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Modern applications today are often deployed using container technologies. Docker and Kubernetes are two essential tools that simplify software deployment, scalability, and management.

This guide will walk you through the basics of Docker and Kubernetes, their differences, and how to use them effectively.

1️⃣ What is Docker? 🐳

Docker is a container-based virtualization platform used to run applications in isolated environments called containers.

🔹 Advantages of Docker:

Lightweight and portable
Fast setup and deployment
Independent environments
Compatible with microservice architecture

Installing Docker 🔧

Install Docker on Linux:

BASH

sudo apt update && sudo apt install docker.io -y
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker

Check Docker version:

BASH

docker --version

2️⃣ Basic Docker Usage

📌 Run a Docker container:

BASH

docker run hello-world

📌 List containers:

BASH

docker ps -a

📌 Remove a container:

BASH

docker rm container_id

📌 List Docker images:

BASH

docker images

📌 Create a custom container with Dockerfile:

DOCKERFILE

FROM ubuntu:latest
RUN apt update && apt install -y nginx
CMD ['nginx', '-g', 'daemon off;']

This Dockerfile launches an NGINX web server.

3️⃣ What is Kubernetes? ☸️

Kubernetes (K8s) is an open-source container orchestration platform used to automate the deployment, scaling, and management of Docker containers.

🔹 Advantages of Kubernetes:

Automatic load balancing
Scalability
Container automation
Fault tolerance and self-healing

4️⃣ Key Components of Kubernetes

Pod: The smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes. It can contain one or more containers.
Node: A physical or virtual machine in the Kubernetes cluster.
Cluster: The full structure including all Kubernetes components.
Deployment: Ensures that the desired number of container replicas are running.
Service: Provides network access to pods.

5️⃣ Installing Kubernetes (with Minikube)

Minikube allows running Kubernetes locally.

🔹 Install Minikube:

BASH

curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64
sudo install minikube-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/minikube

🔹 Start Minikube:

BASH

minikube start

🔹 Create a Pod:

BASH

kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --port=80

🔹 List Pods:

BASH

kubectl get pods

🔹 Create a Service:

BASH

kubectl expose deployment nginx --type=LoadBalancer --port=80

Docker and Kubernetes enable fast, portable, and scalable deployment of modern applications. Docker simplifies container creation and management, while Kubernetes provides robust tools for managing containers at scale.